cf.
/cɛf/
Definition
Cf. is an abbreviation from the Latin confer, meaning “compare.” In botany and plant identification, it is placed before a scientific name when a specimen closely resembles that taxon but the identification is uncertain. It signals a tentative comparison, not a confirmed name and not a formal rank. For example, a plant labeled cf. Begonia shares key traits with Begonia but has not been verified as that exact species.
Botanical Significance
- Identification in flux: In plant literature, cf. signals that a specimen is close to a named taxon but not confirmed, often because key features such as flowers, fruits, or mature leaves are missing.
- Useful in field botany: It lets botanists record likely identity without overstating certainty. That keeps surveys, herbarium labels, and biodiversity records usable while further study is pending.
- A cue for rechecking names: Entries marked with cf. often need comparison with reference specimens, regional floras, or diagnostic traits. This is common in groups with very similar species or high natural variation.
- Relevant to gardeners and collectors: When a plant is sold or shared with cf. in its name, the exact identity may still be unresolved. Care may be similar to the suggested species, but labeling and provenance should be treated cautiously.
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