Rhizome
/ˈraɪˌzoʊm/
Definition
Rhizome refers to a horizontal underground stem that grows at or just below the soil surface. Unlike a root, it has stem features such as nodes, internodes, buds, and scale-like leaves, and it can produce both roots and new shoots. Many plants use a rhizome to spread and store energy, which helps them survive unfavorable seasons and form new clumps or colonies.
Function in Plants
- Food and energy storage: A rhizome often stores starch and other reserves. Those reserves help the plant survive dormant periods and support strong new shoots when growth resumes.
- Spread and colony formation: Many plants use a rhizome to grow sideways through soil or along the surface. This lets one plant gradually form clumps or wider colonies without relying only on seed.
- Vegetative propagation: Because a rhizome carries buds, each healthy section can produce new shoots and roots. Gardeners use this trait to divide plants such as iris, ginger, and some ferns.
- Clue for identification: The presence, position, and branching pattern of a rhizome can help distinguish plant groups. It also helps separate true underground stems from roots, which do not have nodes or buds.
Related Terms
Stem
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Root
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Node
Node refers to the point on a plant stem where leaves, buds, branches, or flowers attach or can develop. It is a…
Internode
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Tuber
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Stolon
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