Leaf mould
/lif moʊld/
Definition
Leaf mould is partially to fully decomposed fallen leaves, used in gardening as a soil-conditioning organic material. Unlike compost made from mixed plant waste, it forms mainly through fungal breakdown of leaves over many months, creating a dark, crumbly product. It has relatively low nutrient content but improves soil structure, moisture retention, and aeration, and it is commonly made by collecting and aging autumn leaves.
Use in Gardening
- Soil structure support: Leaf mould is valued as a soil conditioner. Mixed into beds or borders, it helps heavy soils open up and helps sandy soils hold moisture for longer.
- Moisture buffering around roots: Used as a mulch, leaf mould slows surface drying and reduces temperature swings in the root zone. This can support steadier growth during warm or dry periods.
- Useful for woodland-style plants: Many shade plants, including ferns, hostas, and woodland perennials, respond well to soils enriched with leaf mould because it mimics the organic layer found on forest floors.
- Low nutrient but biologically active: Leaf mould adds less fertility than compost or manure, but it supports fungi and other soil life. That biological activity helps break down organic matter and improve root environment over time.
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