Radicle
/ˈrædɪkəl/
Definition
Radicle refers to the embryonic root in a seed. It is the first part of the seedling to emerge during germination, growing downward to anchor the young plant and begin absorbing water and minerals. Unlike later roots that branch from the root system, the radicle develops directly from the embryo and marks the start of the primary root.
Function in Plants
- First anchor point: After germination, radicle is the first structure to enter the growing medium, helping the seedling secure itself before the shoot expands above the surface.
- Water and nutrient uptake: Its early growth starts the young root system, which begins absorbing water and dissolved minerals needed to support cell expansion and the first leaves.
- Direction of growth: The tip responds strongly to gravity, a process called gravitropism, so radicle usually grows downward even if the seed is turned.
- Practical value in propagation: During seed starting, damage to radicle can slow establishment or kill the seedling, which is why newly germinated seeds are handled as little as possible.
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