Fragrant Plants

Science Behind Plant Fragrance 

Some shrubs, vines, and flowers produce volatile chemical compounds that we detect as scent. The range of fragrances serves specific purposes. The primary reason is attracting pollinators. For example, fresh, sweet, or slightly anise-like fragrances are for bees. Lighter, more delicate scents attract butterflies. Musty and yeasty scents draw beetles, etc. 

Also, these scents help fragrant plants repel insects, fungi, and browsing animals and even suppress the germination of other plants. The intensity varies greatly. Tuberose, Tahitian gardenia, and oriental lilies can easily scent a large space. Lilac, sweet pea, and roses are in the mid-range, while orchids have rather subtle fragrance. 

The intensity will also depend on the part of the plant that releases scent. Flowers are the dominant source. Foliage produces low- to mid-intensity fragrance, often released only when the leaf is physically damaged. The same applies to bark, though at lower intensity. 

How to Choose Fragrant Plants for Your Garden

The right placement will depend on the airflow and proximity to where you usually linger. Most plants work best near doors, windows, or outdoor seating areas. Night-scented species are usually planted below the bedroom window. 

Also, consider the season. Witch hazel and Winter daphne can provide winter and early-spring scent. Spring is a perfect time for most bulb fragrances from hyacinths and narcissus. Summer is the richest season for most species, while autumn offers sweet autumn clematis, salvias, and heliotrope. 

Remember that scent attracts pollinators. For example, French lavender will attract a lot of bees from late May through August. That's definitely worth keeping in mind when choosing the species, and you can find this and other information on the Botan fragrant plants list above.